However, it is important to compare and contrast countries to see which policies are working in the best way and what can be changed. That means not that these people are unconcerned with long-term outcomes but, rather, that their risk aversion increases significantly as the time frame lengthens. As to the orientation of a new era, however, the Trump administration has yet to offer any answers or insights. Thats not likely, precisely because in Chinas particular brand of authoritarianism, control is key. The only obligation they have is to follow the law that in most cases is straightforward. In the early days of the outbreak, the Trump administration tried everything possible to downplay the severity of the situation attempting to secure the economy and votes in a presidential election year. Educated in the United States, he worked for the World Bank and J.P. Morgan and taught at the Wharton School. In the political system of the United States, Democrats are largely associated with liberalism (a political philosophy based on belief in progress) while Republicans are associated with conservatism (a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability). But defaults and bankruptcies are common in a market economy. For individuals, whove lived through harsh times they could not control, the reaction is to make some key choices in a much more short-term way than Westerners do. Comparision between US, UK, and China's Political Systems The United States Of America is a liberal democratic country, and the basic elements of democracy (majority rule, government by popular consent, one person one vote, and competitive elections, to name a few) are revered. So a Marxist-Leninist system is concerned not only with economic outcomes but also with gaining and maintaining control over the system itself. The Stages of Strategic Crime Analysis Report. China, meanwhile, doesn't apply any such double standards. Its a plausible narrative. A median of 41% across the 14 EU member nations surveyed name China, compared with a median of 39% who say the same about the United States. First name should have at least 2 letters, Phone number should have at least 10 digits, Essay Sample on Exploring Economic Growth: Laws and Challenges, Essay Sample on Creating a Local Government on a Privately-Owned Island, Essay Example on Texas: A State of Pride and Ownership, China and India: Nations' Health Comparison, Infidel and the Influence of Politics on United States Religious Background, Essay Example on Plenary Powers in the US Constitution. But much of the technological progress has come from a highly innovative and well-funded military that has invested heavily in Chinas burgeoning new industries. The Incarcerated Vote. According to this view, economic growth and increasing prosperity will cause China to move toward a more liberal model for both its economy and its politics, as did those countries. China and the United States are one of the strongest economies in the world, and both nations are considered superpowers and have contributed significantly to global politics and culture. There are two political theories that are needed in the discussion, the elite and the pluralist theory. However, the country does have branches of government that also include the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government. Today he is the CEO of PAG, a $40 billion private equity firm based in Hong Kong. However, as the world is constantly moving towards a market-based system, the country had to switch to this system that allowed it to increase economic and still maintain its communist status. Access more than 40 courses trusted by Fortune 500 companies. Consequently, inequality is greater in China than in the United States, measured by the Gini coefficient. You cant become a senior leader in China without having proved your worth as a manager. It is important to understand the background of the political systems in both China and the United States in order to compare both, especially the theoretical system of governance they follow, whether a pluralist or oligarchical system. The complete Spotlight package is available in a single reprint. This suggests that something distinctive to mainland China influences this behavior: long-term unpredictability thats sufficiently recent to have been experienced by or passed on to those now buying stocks. From the U.S. perspective, upholding the banner of freedom and democracy no longer matters. Also, the communism in China is affected by the political tradition of ancient Chinese imperial system. Most significantly, the British have a democratic parliamentary government, headed by a monarch and prime minister. These officials preside over different tribunals and committees, which can range from civil, administrative to communication, and transport cases. Hill, C. (2017). Eligible voters are chosen through a register for rural and urban voters to make the process easier, and smaller elections have a number of 200 to 300 voters while the larger level can have up to 1000 voters. Where can it move its production if the target market is China? Obviously the ideology of nationalist identification under the pandemic has greatly roughened the political landscape for China and the U.S. In this view, Trump wont necessarily lose if he fails to bring the pandemic under control; but if he fails to save the U.S. economy, his fate is sealed. Americans focus on speed and efficiency and will hurry to get things done quickly. Examination of School Shootings and Student Safety from International and Non-International Armed Conflict, Comparison Between Democracy Vs. China vs. United States Government Definitions Administrative divisions : This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Borner, S., Brunetti, A., & Weder, B. Many Chinese not only dont believe that democracy is necessary for economic success but do believe that their form of government is legitimate and effective. All these testify to the strength of the Chinese economy. The . China now has better highways, rail systems, bridges, and airports than the United States does. In International Business: Competing in the global marketplace (11th ed.). The main difference between Chinese and US politics is the political ideologies, and one is founded on a democratic yet capitalist system while the other has been led through decades on a Communist and one-party system. Similarities and Differences: US vs. China There are both very strikingly similarities and differences compared with their American counterparts in regards to culture and institutions. By 2008 she was making the most of the rise in disposable incomes by buying new consumer goods that her parents could only have dreamt about. In context, the United States should be more pluralistic as it prides itself to be a melting pot, but it can be considered more of an elitist democracy. As the United States is considered a representative republic, citizen engagement is all the more important and starts with providing the citizens of the country, regardless of gender and over the age of 18, the right to vote for their communities in the form of local elections that can elect congresses that represent their towns and constituencies as well in the Presidential election for the various arms of the executive branch. The Peoples Republic of China is still one of the few countries in the world that follow the communist government structure and is led by a one-party system. For example, the British role in the Opium Wars of the 1840s kicked off a 100-year period that the Chinese still refer to as the Century of Humiliation. Political credibility and economic development. Why do leaders in the West persist in getting China so wrong? In contrast, the governments discount rate on the future is lowerin part because of its Leninist emphasis on controland explicitly focused on long-term returns. Chinas Good War: How World War II Is Shaping a New Nationalism. Had she been born in 1955 in almost any other major economy in the world, her life would have been much, much more predictable. But it wont back off from its territorial claims, all of which predate the Peoples Republic of China. Hence the public debt as a percentage of GDP is higher for the U.S. relative to China and the. Not completely and not without very high costs. 10. Business in the United States moves at a different pace from China. A young student in Nanjing can study propulsion physics at Beijings Tsinghua University thanks to social mobility and the partys significant investment in scientific research. The US is surrounded by Mexico, Canada, the Pacific Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean. Weijian Shan understands the delicate U.S.-China dynamic as well as anyone. In other words, the U.S. position as hegemon doesnt necessarily bring it any economic benefits. In 2020, a year of severe difficulties all over the world, there was no significant increase in Chinese corporate defaults. Either way you slice it, the economies are the two strongest . Many Chinese believe that the countrys recent economic achievements have actually come about because of, not despite, Chinas authoritarian form of government. This is the most appropriate entry point to reveal the evolution of human-land relationships. The old imperial bureaucracy helps modern Chinese to make the government started on more efficient point to absorb interest than any other countries (King, F. J., The United States and China Fourth Edition, 1979, The real danger is the Taiwan issue. That Canada has elected communists to office, I suggest is just about as important a disparity as the American gun insanity. Canadian jurisdiction is the opposite; if it's not left to the Provinces, it's most likely the responsibility of the federal government. In 2019 that market reached $6 trillion, surpassing the U.S. level of $5.5 trillion. She was a Red Guard as a teenager, screaming adoration for Chairman Mao while her parents were being re-educated for being educated. The executive branch of the government holds the highest position of head of state and the cabinet as well, which is appointed by the National Peoples Congress. The basic structures of both legal system are extremely similar. Navigating your companys future in China, Americans Dont Know How Capitalist China Is, Economics and Democracy Are Two Sides of the Same Coin, Authoritarian Political Systems Cant Be Legitimate, The Chinese Live, Work, and Invest Like Westerners, A version of this article appeared in the. As the author Yuval Noah Harari has pointed out, liberalism has had few competitors since the end of the Cold War, when both fascism and communism appeared defeated. Ambition like that cant be realized without state interventionrelatively fast and easy but often brutal in China. The benefits are both financial (for example, access to mortgage loans) and social (permission to buy a ticket on one of the new high-speed trains). Lets be honest: A rising China may be a threat to Americas economic and technological supremacy, but not to its national security, because China doesnt export its ideology or political system and doesnt seek regime change anywhere in the world. China's political system encourages parties, organizations, and representatives from various circles of Chinese society to discuss basic policy as well as important political, economic, cultural and social issues. All the work should be used in accordance with the appropriate policies and applicable laws. Yet they found common ground to work in mutually beneficial ways. The one long-term asset class in which increasing numbers of Chinese are investedthat is, residential property, ownership of which grew from 14% of 25-to-69-year-olds in 1988 to 93% by 2008is driven also by the need for security: Unlike all other assets, property ensures a roof over ones head if things go wrong, in a system with limited social welfare and a history of sudden policy changes. Seventy years on, many Chinese believe that their political system is now actually more legitimate and effective than the Wests. (2022, May 17). The Chinese spent countless hours restructuring their legal system to closer represent those in the Western business. Additionally, the paper will also give examples of economic and macro-political changes and show why market-based systems are being adopted by transition economies. The United States and China are different in almost every way in their social norms, administrative policies, economic reforms, and the vastest difference in their political ideology. These are valid points and deserve to be expanded upon in order to enlighten others further. The pandemic has profoundly shaken the U.S. sense of superiority in values, culture and systems since the Enlightenment, and by extension the entire West. Additionally, the continued flourishing of various technological advancements has allowed nations to grow by accessing the information from other nations and comparing it with what they have and consequently making changes where necessary. Disclaimer: ProEssays.net is a custom writing service that provides online on-demand writing work for assistance purposes. Although murdering babies and elderly with medical sanctions in multiple too left . This paper analyzed the different political structures of both countries and highlighted the stark differences between a democratic state and a communist state, but the analysis also provided one similarity, which was the elitist government structure that existed in both political structures. But because this is also a Leninist system, those issues are of critical importance to Chinese leaders, who wont change their minds about them, however effective or helpful their foreign partners are economically. Dictatorship, Gun Control: Legal, Psychology and Political Viewpoint, Difference Between Criminal and Civil Court System. Lobbying groups have more of an influence on the government of the United States than the citizens themselves, which creates the question if the US is more pluralist or elitist, and the matter of the fact is that the US is not really a representative republic but rather a pluralist oligarchy. Corporatism also recognizes only one organization as its sole representative, which can be seen through the CCP (Chan, 1994). Photo by Charles Clegg [CC BY-SA 2.0] Capitalism's global victory has been achieved through two different types of capitalist systems: the liberal meritocratic capitalism that has developed incrementally in the West, and the state-led authoritarian capitalism that is exemplified by China. Are you seeing a significant shift in supply chains out of China? In much Western analysis the verb most commonly attached to Chinas reforms is stalled. The truth is that political reform in China hasnt stalled. The highest court in China is the Supreme Peoples Court, which includes the Chief Justice and over 340 other judges, including 13 that are considered grand justices. Lets imagine the personal history of a Chinese woman who is 65 today. The United States has had the world's largest economy for about 140 years, and it roughly accounts for 22% of global GDP. Sometimes, in fact, it must sacrifice economic benefits for political or military ones. ), Copyright 2020 CGTN. Responding, however, will only escalate a lose-lose war, and the entire international community will suffer as a result. And the party has always believed in and emphasized the importance of Chinese history and of Marxist-Leninist thought, with all they imply. Some have expressed optimism that Chinas need for control will lessen after theyve proved their worth as partners. Hire a professional with VAST experience! When life is (or has been within living memory) unpredictable, people tend to apply a higher discount rate to potential long-term outcomes than to short-term onesand a rate materially higher than the one applied by people living in more-stable societies. The collapse of the USSR appeared to validate that belief, given that the Soviet regimes inability to deliver meaningful economic growth for its citizens contributed to its collapse: Russias eventual integration into the global economy (perestroika) followed Mikhail Gorbachevs political reforms (glasnost). The city of Rongcheng, for example, uses big data (available to the government through surveillance and other data-capturing infrastructure) to give people individualized social credit scores. These are used to reward or punish citizens according to their political and financial virtues or vices. For much of its turbulent modern history, China has been under threat from foreign powers, both within Asia (notably Japan) and outside it (the UK and France in the mid 19th century). Its stated purpose was to reduce Americas trade deficit. This shared quest for predictability explains the continuing attractiveness of an authoritarian system in which control is the central tenet. 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