How this hostile atmosphere led to murder in a mountain valley 300 miles south of Salt Lake City, however, is fiercely contested. ''It was the wealthiest wagon train ever to traverse the country,'' she said. He did not murder his own parents," she says. . Anxiously awaited is a book due to be published in 2004 by three Mormon church historians that will exonerate Young. Learning how Eleanor McLean Pratt got to Salt Lake City convinced me Brigham Young did it. The 12th Mrs. Pratt had buried her polygamous husband Parley in Arkansas the previous May, and she was obsessed with exacting vengeance from his murderers. Militia orders to the Mormon army carried Youngs words on the reverse: Shed no blood., When the books are opened in the day of judgment, declared an associate who was at his side in 1857, these things will be proven to heaven and earth.. This railroad operated between 1871 and 1881 and was founded by prominent Mormons such as Joseph A. Mr. Bagley cites a diary entry made by Young's brother-in-law and Indian interpreter, Dimick Huntington, after a meeting between the Mormon leader and Paiute chiefs on Sept. 1, 1857. Seventeen children, all under 7, were spared. Lee pleaded innocence in court, but while in prison awaiting his execution made a full confession of the whole affair. The 59-year-old woman was found at 2 p.m. inside a Flushing home laying face down on a bed with multiple stab wounds . Lured west by the promise of a wide-open range and a gentle climate -- a boon for cattle ranching -- the party left Arkansas in the spring of 1857, just as the Utah Territory and the United States were on the brink of armed conflict. The facts are these: Young spoke out against revenge killings. On his second day, traveling with copies of the Book of Mormon in his satchel and a prayer in his heart, the young man encountered John P. Greene, a Methodist minister, who kindly took some of his books to promote on a preaching tour of his own. ''There is no evidence the Indians had weapons required for a slaughter of this magnitude,'' she said. Enter your email to receive updates on our LDS Living content, 2022 LDS Living A Division of Deseret Book Company. But, I can hear Mormon historians object, this is purely circumstantial evidence Young actually ordered the killings. Could be, but its no more circumstantial than the evidence O.J. [18] A few days after the massacre, September 29, 1857, Lee briefed Young in Salt Lake City. In short, the massacre is best explained by cascading local events in a setting of extreme excitement and fear. Risner allegedly killed Davis in another location before moving his body to where it was found, according to CoosaValleyNews.com. BYU Mission Statement. The line was purchased by Union Pacific in 1875. Tragically, Youngs letter arrived two days after the massacre, despite one of the epic rides in Western history. (The Rome-News refers to him as a Brigham Young University student, but EastIdahoNews.com could only confirm that he attended BYU-Idaho.). Even though Young blessed it as a place to begin anew,his fears of continued religious persecution may have caused him to order a massacre. With no additional evidence, some historians have pointed to a Native American council held in Salt Lake City on September 1, 1857. Death is not the end of our existencejust a change in our being. Police told the website Risner ran from officers while they were trying to take him into custody. "For many years no person saw a smile on his countenance, Brigham, in a later sermon, told the Saints about his conversation with his brother, in consequence of the burden of the Lord upon him, and realizing that the inhabitants of the Earth had all gone out of the way and had turned every man to his own views (see Journal of Discourses, 12:95). Haight. Twelve apostles were now chosen from those who had marched in Zion's Camp. Darriynn Brown has been charged with the murder of Cash Gernon. Then, in 1870, Young excommunicated John D. Lee, a Mormon official and militia leader in southern Utah, because of his participation in the massacre. At the time of his death on August 23, 1877, Young had married 56 women19 predeceased him, 10 divorced him, 23 survived him, and 4 are unaccounted for. Why did he shield the murderers and allow the churchs newspaper to blame the crime on the Paiutes for a dozen years after Jacob Hamblin told him Mormons were involved? But we only make the tragedy worse by saying that it was something other than what it wasby trying to fit events into a pre-conceived theory of conspiracy. The oft asked question about the practice of polygamy in early Mormon history is: How many wives did Brigham Young have? She has two songs in the LDS hymnbook, is mother of six children, 10 grand, 5 great grandchildren. At first, it blamed Indians; later, it claimed a rogue church official was responsibleand after two trials, Mormon militia leader John Lee was hanged in 1877 for the killings. In 1830, Young was contacted by Samuel H. Smith, a missionary in the recently established Latter Day Saint movement. According to Mormon doctrine, he points out, murder in defense of the faith could be considered just. In such a framework, the message to "not interfere" would be subordinate to the main message: let nothing stand in the way of the Mormon-Paiute alliance. President Brigham Young's signature on a contract with the Union Pacific Railroad. ''There are very candid statements on the part of participants to a church official under the agreement of confidentiality,'' Mr. Turley said, adding that the file, along with other sources he and his co-authors were using, would be made public once their book was published. Phineas' wife Clarissa was also baptized about this same time. Phineas, the third son, had struggled with the enticements of the world before finding a spiritual identity near the age of 24, when he forsook his former companions and pursuits, and prayed fervently to the Lord until he, too, accepted Methodism and became a preacher, according to The Faithful Young Family.". Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March. We are still trying to make sense of this tragedy and why this happened. The mob killed men, women and all but 17 of the smallest children . [1] [2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column . [18], Some time after Lee's meeting with Young, Jacob Hamblin said that he had heard a detailed description of the massacre and Mormon involvement from Lee and that Hamblin had reported it to Young and George A. Smith soon after the massacre. But I am determined by the help of God never to bear false witness against My Neighbour. Later, he complained that those who questioned him wanted lies, not truth. Strang penned a letter to two leaders, Orson Hyde and John Taylor, requesting to . . Why? When polygamy was a part of Mormon culture, there were different types of marriages or sealings.. Their corpses, stripped of clothes and jewelry, were left to be picked apart by wolves and buzzards. How did the widow Pratt cross 1,500 dusty miles in a mere 21 days? 2020-09-13 15:28:09. Brandon Christopher Risner, 21, was booked into the Floyd County Jail on Saturday and is charged with murder, felony obstruction of law enforcement officers, aggravated assault and concealing the death of another. Read more quotes from Brigham Young. Will Bagley, a history columnist for the Salt Lake Tribune, is the author of Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows published by the University of Oklahoma Press. ''The party from Arkansas was probably doomed from the moment the Mormons learned of the death of Parley Pratt and the approach of the American army,'' he writes in his book. Susa, Brighams daughter, wrote of her father: He fostered and encouraged the study and practice of music, not only in his own family, but among the people (see Life Story of Brigham Young," by Susa Young Gates and Leah D. Widtsoe). Two of the southernmost establishments were Parowan and Cedar City, led respectively by stake presidents William H. Dame and Isaac C. Haight. Copies of Youngs letter exist both in rough draft and final draft form. Lvl 1. From the early Nauvoo days, the Young brothers performed quartet-style for the Saints; the Prophet Joseph especially enjoyed hearing them sing. (Right) John D. Lee. Some testimony came in private interviews when there was no motive to lie. New York CNN . 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. [23] In 1870, Young excommunicated some of the participants, including Haight and Lee, from the LDS Church. The official website of Brigham Young University | Provo, UT. The carriage was white and brilliant with gold and the horses traveled like the wind. 2015 - 2023 Stubborn and determined, he kept riding until he reached the home of a friend. According to her, they would try to leave Utah then turn up murdered (supposedly by Native Americans) along the way. ''They had 1,000 head of longhorns, and longhorns had never been seen in Utah before.'' On Sept. 11, 1857, a group of California-bound pioneers camping in southern Utah were murdered by a Mormon militia and its Indian allies. [4] By 1841 he had relocated to Nauvoo. RICHMOND, Va. (Reuters) - A Virginia state senator whose mentally ill son stabbed him 13 times and then committed suicide has filed a $6 million lawsuit against the state and a . A DIVISION OF THE UTAH DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL & COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT 2019. UTAH STATE PRISON Emery Blanchard says she has seen a change in her father, and after 25 years in prison believes it's time to move on. The mission of Brigham Young University founded, supported, and guided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is to assist individuals in their quest for perfection and eternal life. According to trial testimony given later by Haslam, when Haight read Young's words, he sobbed like a child and could manage only the words, "Too late, too late. He said the file included the notes of a Mormon historian who, at the request of church leaders, conducted a confidential investigation of the massacre in 1892. But history is not assumption. He said it was the greatest work and the clearest of error he had ever seen, the Bible not excepted (see The Faithful Young Family"). Reopening a Mormon Murder Mystery; New Accusations That Brigham Young Himself Ordered an 1857 Massacre of Pioneers, https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/12/books/reopening-mormon-murder-mystery-new-accusations-that-brigham-young-himself.html. 3, Fall 1987; Leonard J. Arrington, Brigham Young: American Moses, Knopf, New York, 1985. Union Pacific . Brigham Young tags: inspirational, insult, rage. Young's message of reply to Haight, dated September 10, 1857, read: In regard to emigration trains passing through our settlements, we must not interfere with them until they are first notified to keep away. Mormon historian Juanita Brooks believes that the letter demonstrates that Young "did not order the massacre, and would have prevented it if he could. The company that was used up at the Mountain Meadowes included the fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters & connections of the men who murdered the prophets, he told John D. Lee, and they Merited their fate. The only thing that ever troubled Young was the lives of the Women & children, but that under the circumstances [it] could not be avoided.. A murder suspect accused of shooting his girlfriend, axing his 9-year-old daughter in the head, then stabbing and lighting his son on fire cross-examined the 11-year-old survivor Wednesday in a jaw-dropping courtroom scene. But rumors of a church-sponsored cover-up persisted. . Mr. Bagley and Ms. Denton dismiss these explanations as falsehoods planted to deflect blame from church headquarters. For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. Rodriguez, of Henderson, Nev., allegedly stabbed her 6-year-old son 25 times as he called 911 for help. Brigham Young was a man well acquainted with life and death. He felt, he said later, "as tho my head wo [ul]d crack.". Young informed Van Vliet that he was skeptical that the army's intentions were peaceful and that the Mormons intended to resist occupation. Not circumstantial evidence. They are, from left, Lorenzo Dow Young, Brigham Young, Phineas Howe Young, Joseph Young and John Young Jr. Shocked by the terrible news, Brigham smashed his hand against his leg in dismaynot just at the loss of a friend and prophet but at the loss of the keys Joseph possessed. It is something that has been partially experienced and thoroughly documented by many individuals around the world. The LDS Church was also given a large grant of stock in the Union Pacific, which it held well into the 20 th century. Four days ago he posted a video of himself singing and playing the guitar. For the desperately poor Mormon settlers in southern Utah, the Fancher party, with its hefty supply of cash, arms and hundreds of valuable horses and cattle, was simply irresistible. not to spare horseflesh. He didnt. "John D. Lee Arrested". "What I'm hoping for is to close this chapter, is to . "If we only looked at what Brigham Young said in 1845, we would miss . One of his wives alleged he ordered the deaths of people who tried to leave the faith. Samuel also sold a copy to Phineas Howe Young, one of Brigham's brothers and Greene's brother-in-law. An anti-Mormon mob killed Joseph and Hyrum Smith in Carthage, Illinois. [7], After Joseph Smith was killed in 1844, Young joined the majority of Latter Day Saints in accepting the leadership of Brigham Young and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. ''He did it,'' said Will Bagley, a history columnist for The Salt Lake Tribune whose book ''Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows'' (University of Oklahoma Press) has been a best seller in Utah since it appeared in late July. While this Indian council is important and requires extended scholarly discussion, this much can be said: No evidence suggests the councils focus was the Baker-Fancher party, much less its destruction. James H. Haslam, interview by S. A. Kenner, reported by Josiah Rogerson, 4 December 1884, typescript, 11, in Josiah Rogerson, Transcripts and Notes of John D. Lee Trials, LDS Church Archives. Of course, anti-Young historians say otherwise. Joe . Writing a polemic trying to blame Brigham Young would be self-defeating, just as writing an apologia to clear his skirts would ultimately have to justify murder. When I began writing about the massacre, I realized trying to prove anything about this appalling crime would prove only that I was an idiot. the man was tired of Philip so at the wedding the man stabbed Philip. Why did he threaten honest men who called for justice in the matter? And he learned from Joseph Smith how men . Brigham Young first became involved with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints around 1830, according to PBS, very soon after the religion was created by Joseph Smith.The Church of LDS is a form of Christianity, but with additional beliefs, including that the Book of Mormon is a holy book and that the church founder, Joseph Smith, was a prophet sent by God, according to History. He was always a kid at heart but also so smart and embraced the adulthood that he needed to. Ms. Denton, who is descended from Mormon settlers, said the killings were inspired primarily by greed. Strang attempted to bring followers to him and to do this he wanted to use logic and rhetoric. Stubborn facts. Savage. And why does the Deseret News continue lying about Mountain Meadows to this day? Haight and Dame were also the senior regional military leaders of the Mormon militia. Brigham Young, who was born June 1, 1801, was the fourth son and eighth child, and he would . Anyone can read what you share. (Brigham Young was mistaken when he later testified that the meeting took place "some two of three months after the massacre" Young 1875.) Brigham Young: Directed by Henry Hathaway. ROME, Georgia A recent Brigham Young University-Idaho graduate was stabbed to death over the weekend in northwestern Georgia. The two laid hands on me, Lorenzo wrote, and asked the Lord to stop the flow of blood from my wounded arm. We were so excited to see where his future was heading.. That admonition includes charging Brigham Young with crimes that he did not commit. Like. ), But even if Brigham Young's complicity were not at issue, Mr. Turley conceded, troubling questions about the massacre remain: ''It's an event that seems very incongruous with the people who did it. Bottom line: Yes, Brigham Young was clearly a racist. Once, when returning to his ranch on the Jordan River, he was mistakenly taken as a thief, shot at and wounded in the arm, where the main artery was severed. Are there books about other independent women of the early West? This is a photo of Brigham Young and his brothers taken in the 1860s by C.R. (No Ratings Yet) A Bronx teenager was dragged from a store by a group of men, repeatedly stabbed on the sidewalk and left to die in a brutal murder that has sparked widespread outrage in the city . 20, No. Within five minutes, recalled massacre participant Dudley Leavitt, not one stone stood upon another., A few days later Young justified the massacre as a necessary act of righteous vengeance. The second explanation is that the massacre was a calculated act of vengeance. Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, "Determining and Defining `Wife': The . Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. Lee was tried twice for murder (he was convicted the second time) and executed in 1877. But Matthew's aunt, Angela, believes her nephew is innocent while the real killer remains free. Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? In 1840 Brigham Young traveled to England, where he took charge of missionary efforts, supervising the dramatic growth of Mormonism in that country. (Mr. Bagley and Ms. Denton said they had not seen the file but were skeptical it would alter their conclusions. All Rights Reserved, The remarkable brothers of the Prophet Brigham Young, Lorenzo Dow Youngs Preparation for the Gospel, How Orrin Hatch protected people of faith, KSL Newsradio is preparing to celebrate its 100th anniversary. The young boy testified against his father on Wednesday, saying, "You stabbed me." Visit Insider's homepage for more stories. More decisive to its fate, the Fancher party was said to have incited the murderous wrath of local Indians by poisoning their wells and livestock. They were reacting to events as they took place. During the 1870s Lee,[22] Dame, Philip Klingensmith, Ellott Willden, and George Adair, Jr. were indicted and arrested; warrants were obtained to pursue the arrests of four others (Haight, John Higbee, William C. Stewart, and Samuel Jukes) who had successfully gone into hiding. Brigham Young chose twenty-year-old Lucy Ann Decker Seeley for his first plural wife, and they were married by Joseph Smith on 17 June 1842. After the massacre, Young stated in public forums that God had taken vengeance on the BakerFancher party. [1][2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column is conflicted. As any attorney knows, the problem with a guilty client is he acts guilty, and after the massacre Brigham Young never behaved like an innocent man. Brigham Young even served as president. In a confession made just before he was executed, Lee, the only person ever tried for the crime, blamed the Paiute Indians. They were clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range, then stripped and left to be scavenged by wolves and buzzards. It was understood that any children by the second husband would be considered the progeny of the first. Dallas Police revealed that new lab evidence had come to light, allowing the charges to be upgraded almost . There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. After five years researching and writing about this horrific atrocity, I doubted Id ever find a definitive answer to the question, Did Brigham Young order the murders at Mountain Meadows?, To my surprise, I found evidence that convinced me beyond a shadow of a doubt that Brigham Young issued orders (probably verbal) to kill everyone in the Fancher party except those of innocent bloodchildren under eight years of ageto fulfill his sacred vow to avenge the blood of the prophets Joseph and Hyrum Smith, and more specifically, Apostle Parley P. Pratt. Wouldnt these events have kindled Youngs anger and led him to seek revenge? As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. Matters have & are being delayed with design of Cohearce [to coerce] me to Make a statement beyond what I know, he wrote in his diary. While yet a boy, his mother had often counseled him to be a good man that the Lord might bless my life. ''He was an absolute dictator,'' she said. He was the ninth of eleven children, growing up in an unsettled frontier environment characterized by frequent family moves to various communities throughout upstate New York. Brigham Young Did It. '', Sally Denton, an investigative reporter based in Santa Fe, N.M., whose book ''American Massacre: The Tragedy at Mountain Meadows'' will be published by Knopf next summer, also holds Young responsible for the crime. In this case, the "real message" would have been that the Indians should be left to "do as they please." Beau's son was 9 years old at the time of his father's death. Van Vliet's mission was to inform Young that the US troops then approaching Utah did not intend to attack the Mormons, but intended to establish an army base near Salt Lake City and to request Young's cooperation in procuring supplies for the army. ROME, Georgia A recent Brigham Young University-Idaho graduate was stabbed to death over the weekend in northwestern Georgia. That, say the church historians, is because no such order was given. She was the daughter of Isaac Decker, a long-time friend of Brigham Young and his father John Young. Brigham Young, December 12, 1850, daguerreotype. Many of the wives to whom Young were sealed were widows or elderly women for whom he merely cared or gave the protection of his name. He was a man who grew in faith, intellect and knowledge and learned throughout his life by relying on personal revelation. Adding fuel to Mormon rage, they argue, was the killing, a few months before the massacre, of Apostle Parley P. Pratt. There is a logic to this. This list contains the books we've recently received, if you're looking for new books that are available, this is the place to check! Of the 23 who survived him, 17 received a share of his estate while the remaining 6 apparently had non conjugal roles. Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. While it's clear that the Lord's prophets have often been preserved to perform sacred works, it is also clear that these near-death experiences provided Brigham Young with unparalleled insight into the nature of the spirit world. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. Such ceremonies usually occurred when a widow was sealed to her dead husband for eternity and to a living husband for time in the same ceremony. He relates that he was promoted to lay hands on the sufferer and rebuke the disease" and this action healed her. Instagram: susanevansmccloudauthor. Young was not complicit in planning or executing the massacre. As part of Young's vision of a pre-millennial "Kingdom of God," Young established colonies along the California and Old Spanish Trails, where Mormon officials governed as leaders of church, state, and military. The Saints ; the Prophet Joseph especially enjoyed hearing them sing each item listed whole affair individuals around world... And brilliant with gold and the horses traveled like the wind events they. One of the whole affair falsehoods planted to deflect blame from church headquarters he posted video. A recent Brigham Young and John Young Jr this he wanted to logic... Times as he called 911 for help killer remains free murder his own parents, & ;! Arrington, Brigham Young was contacted by Samuel H. Smith, a long-time of! 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