He would sell his harvests in town. In the post-Cold War era, developed countries have hesitated to clearly label any nation as an enemy for the sake of peacekeeping efforts. Though it is an issue only with Tamil Nadu it is also an issue with all over India as they feel that India is always suppressing them to get developed. )$20,100 (2019 est. The future strategies are unknown. Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. Including these insular territories, the roughly triangular country covers an area about three times the size of Texas. Who are Mexico's enemies? This effort failed after the Palestinian Authoritys ruling party, the Fatah, united with Hamas. It used to be a horrifying question. Mexico City, the capital, is one of the most populous cities and metropolitan areas in the world. It is in this dynamic and often unstable physical environment that the Mexican people have built their country. Migrants from impoverished rural areas have poured into Mexicos cities, and nearly four-fifths of Mexicans now live in urban areas. Shortly after, Ukraine came under heavy fire from missiles and airstrikes. )wine: 0.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. The picturesque Oaxaca Valley is the largest and most densely settled of these, with a predominantly indigenous population. The aggression with which the country has recently threatened Taiwan also presents a new challenge to the strength of the U.S. As the tension continues to grow between these two nations, the world is forced to battle with supply chain disruptions and the effects of less trade with China. note: data are in current year dollars$492.657 billion (2019 est.) The Pacific Coastal Lowlands begin near Mexicali and the Colorado River delta in the north and terminate near Tepic, some 900 miles (1,450 km) to the south. Mexico While Mexico wouldn't be considered a traditional US enemy country, it's proximity to the US, and its pipeline of terrorism and drugs into America make it a threat. Sri Lankans hate Tamilians a lot. Mexico is bordering the United States in north, and Belize and Guatemala in south east. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The gently sloping western side of these mountain ranges is in contrast to the steep eastern escarpment, which makes access from the Gulf of California extremely difficult. Spanish only 93.8%, Spanish and indigenous languages 5.4%, indigenous only 0.6%, unspecified 0.2%; note - indigenous languages include various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional languages (2020 est. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 1,283,300 bbl/day (2018 est. However, there are still clear conflicts that can be identified in the world, including some that continue to progress with no end in view. )industrial: 6.814 billion cubic meters (2017 est. ), improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 98.3% of populationtotal: 99.7% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 1.7% of populationtotal: 0.3% of population (2020 est. The "Enemies of the Internet" list includes Bahrain, Belarus, Burma, China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Vietnam. and Turkey are forming a highly dangerous alliance that could threaten the Western powers. Its average elevations are similar to those of the Sierra Madre Occidental, but some peaks rise above 12,000 feet (3,650 metres). WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Americans are less likely than ever to agree on which country is the greatest enemy of the U.S., but the four countries that crowd the top of the list this year are the. North America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, between Belize and the United States and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and the United States, total: 1,964,375 sq kmland: 1,943,945 sq kmwater: 20,430 sq km, slightly less than three times the size of Texas, total: 4,389 kmborder countries (3): Belize 276 km; Guatemala 958 km; US 3,155 km, territorial sea: 12 nmcontiguous zone: 24 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin, high, rugged mountains; low coastal plains; high plateaus; desert, highest point: Volcan Pico de Orizaba 5,636 mlowest point: Laguna Salada -10 mmean elevation: 1,111 m, petroleum, silver, antimony, copper, gold, lead, zinc, natural gas, timber, agricultural land: 54.9% (2018 est. Countries in the least well known group were rated by 251-341 respondents. Attacks against civilians and clashes between Mexican security forces and armed and organized groups, such as the Zetas, Sinaloa and Jalisco New Generation cartels have resulted in more than 83,000 deaths between 2007 and 2015. Russia also said it had repelled a massive drone attack . The site of several advanced Amerindian civilizations - including the Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Maya, and Aztec - Mexico was conquered and colonized by Spain in the early 16th century. The plateau tilts gently upward from the north toward the south; at its northern end, the Mesa del Norte is about 4,000 feet (1,200 metres) above sea level. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. It also shares maritime borders with Cuba and Honduras. Tensions between the United States and China were accelerated during the presidency of Donald J. Trump due to the sanctions and trade tariffs that the administration implemented against China. North of the port of Tampico, an outlier of the Sierra Madre Oriental reaches the sea and interrupts the continuity of the Gulf Coastal Plain. Roman Catholic 78%, Protestant/evangelical Christian 11.2%, other 0.002%, unaffiliated (includes atheism) 10.6% (2020 est. ), municipal: 14.23 billion cubic meters (2017 est. Fascinating Things You Didnt Know About the Rolls Royce, Soak in the Beauty of Night with these 7 Night Vision Glasses, Tips for Students: How to Write an Assignment for University, How to Use Duffle Bags to Promote Your Business, Tips for Starting a Disability Support Business, Buying a Three Wheeler? Please select which sections you would like to print: Alternate titles: Estados Unidos Mexicanos, Mxico, United Mexican States, Director, Hispanic Foundation, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., 1952 71. The country remains economically fragile despite the forging of stronger ties with the United States and Canada through the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Mexico is one of the largest producers of petroleum and other liquids in the world. )21.486 (2020 est. Mexico's enemies are the heavily armed drug cartels operating within its borders. Mexico, country of southern North America and the third largest country in Latin America, after Brazil and Argentina. )exports of goods and services: 37.8% (2017 est. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. However, the less-hospitable inland basins provide a difficult environment for traditional peasant farmers. At a point both China and India are at same position who are striving to develop. List of current state governors in Mexico, "Mexico City officially changes its name to Mexico City", "La Ciudad de Mxico no ser estado, sino entidad federal autnoma", "Artculo 43 de la Constitucin Poltica de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos", "DF no es el estado 32, aclaran legisladores", "Mxico en cifras - Medio Ambiente - Superficie continental", "Censo de Poblacin y Vivienda 2022 - SCITEL", "Transformacin Poltica de Territorio Norte de la Baja California a Estado 29", "44 Years Ago, Baja California Sur and Quintana Roo became States", "156th Anniversary of Campeche's Statehood", "Repblica de Ro Grande, el Pas que no pudo ser", "Commemorating the 169th Anniversary of Guerrero's Statehood", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_states_of_Mexico&oldid=1135297405, First-level administrative divisions by country, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 23 January 2023, at 20:30. )4.45% (2020 est. England has a very special relation with our country. Instead, the U.S. has mobilized other countries to alter their dealings with China. The Yucatn Peninsula lies to the northeast of the Tabasco Plain and extends northward, forming a divider between the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Changing Enemies Over Time Protesters disrupted the first hearing of a House select committee investigating potential threats that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) poses to the country and U.S.-China competition on Tuesday, At this stage of the conflict, current estimates show nearly 64,151 Russian soldiers have been killed and at least 107,663 have been wounded. But covering the war in enemy territory and in sweltering heat isn't enou Best Astrology Remedies. ), total: 29.3 yearsmale: 28.2 yearsfemale: 30.4 years (2020 est. By The Associated Press. Bordered by the Pacific Ocean on its West and the Gulf of Mexico to its East, Mexico is the third-largest country in Latin . )investment in inventories: 0.8% (2017 est. . )exports: 53.037 million cubic meters (2019 est. [Mexican government must] respect for international law and legal equality of states, their sovereignty and independence, non-intervention in the domestic affairs of other countries, peaceful. As it crosses Mexico from Cape Corrientes on the west coast to Xalapa and Veracruz on the eastern coast, it forms a mountainous backdrop to the states of Jalisco, Michoacn, Guerrero, Mxico, Morelos, and Puebla as well as the Federal District. China expressed hope for renewed relations after the election of President Biden; however, the Biden administration did not roll back the sanctions and tariffs. It is one of the poorest areas of Mexico. There are other concerns that make most countries switch from allies to enemies, and it depends on the current economic state of Argentina. The United States of America and China The region is rich in silver, lead, zinc, copper, and tin deposits. 4) England. The conflict that developed between Palestine and Israel after World War II has shown little improvement decades later. The variation in many prospectus is making that country to hate our country. One of his earliest firearms was a Confederate soldier's old Enfield musket from the Civil War. ), improved: urban: 99.9% of populationrural: 96.4% of populationtotal: 99.2% of populationunimproved: urban: 0.1% of populationrural: 3.6% of populationtotal: 0.8% of population (2020 est. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 19 (2020 est. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. ), 22.281 million MEXICO CITY (capital), 5.420 million Guadalajara, 5.117 million Monterrey, 3.345 million Puebla, 2.626 million Toluca de Lerdo, 2.260 million Tijuana (2023), at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female15-24 years: 1.09 male(s)/female25-54 years: 0.91 male(s)/female55-64 years: 0.84 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2022 est. Though it is creating money for the economy the creative barriers are stopping Indians to come up with some new ideas which help in countrys prosperity, This old enemy has changed the face of India. )3.4% (2020 est. Mexico never broke diplomatic relations with Cuba, nor was it a part of the economic sanctions against U.S. adversary countries. Zapata was the son of a mestizo peasant who trained and sold horses. )consumption: 10.241 million metric tons (2020 est. note: data are in current year dollars$434.366 billion (2020 est.) Certain states included have disputed statuses, such as the State of Palestine and Kosovo, but given their particular histories vis--vis the U.S., they have been treated as distinct. The Sonoran Desert extends onto the peninsula along the northern end of the gulf. Mexican society is characterized by extremes of wealth and poverty, with a limited middle class wedged between an elite cadre of landowners and investors on the one hand and masses of rural and urban poor on the other. Mexico's homicide rate has been rising every year since 2014 but it remains well below those of other countries worldwide. In addition to being a United States ally and major trading partner, Mexico is a current member of several international organizations, including the United Nations, the Organization of American States and the Organization for Co-operation and Development. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 43.24 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. In turn, these towns appear as historical relics when compared with the modern metropolis of Mexico City. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The states of Mexico are first-level administrative territorial entities of the country of Mexico, which is officially named United Mexican States. In January 1916, to protest President Woodrow Wilson's support for Carranza, Villa executed 16 U.S. citizens at Santa Isabel in northern Mexico. Mexico can be divided into nine major physiographic regions: Baja California, the Pacific Coastal Lowlands, the Mexican Plateau, the Sierra Madre Oriental, the Sierra Madre Occidental, the Cordillera Neo-Volcnica, the Gulf Coastal Plain, the Southern Highlands, and the Yucatn Peninsula. Official figures say there are 21,000 migrants from sub-Saharan African countries in Tunisia. Throughout the years, the United States has used areas within . India's Allies 1. Around Mexico City the weak, structurally unstable soils that remain have caused the colonial-era Metropolitan Cathedral and other buildings to shift on their foundations and, over many years, to list or sink unevenly into the ground. Mexico's president said Tuesday his country is more democratic than the United States. Following Iran in the rankings were Syria (32%), Iraq (29%), and Afghanistan (23%). Mexico City was a Federal District. Some country people frame Indians goodness as Innocence. We believe that the information comes from reliable sources, but cannot guarantee the information to be free of mistakes and incorrect interpretations. This small nation has killed many tamilians on their lands. The conflict and discord between the US and North Korea is well-documented, and not much of a secret to anyone. (Spanish)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. )$2.51 trillion (2019 est. Nearly 70 percent of Americans now consider Russia an enemy, more than for any other country in the survey, including North Korea and Iran. )exports: 3,000 metric tons (2020 est. federal republic with two legislative houses (Senate [128]; Chamber of Deputies [500]), Early, Middle, and Late Formative periods, The age of Santa Anna: Texas and the Mexican-American War, The Mexican Revolution and its aftermath, 191040, The election of Lpez Obrador and the shift leftward, Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook - Mexico, Mexico - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Mexico - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Endangered Mexican wolf population makes strides in US, Mexican president: Mexico has more democracy than US, Mexican president says Tesla to build plant in Mexico, Mexican president disparages pro-democracy demonstrators, Tens of thousands protest Mexico's electoral law changes, Iztacchuatl volcano, Puebla state, Mexico, Metropolitan Cathedral, Mexico City, Mexico. note: data are in current year dollars$411.458 billion (2020 est.) Religious values, cultural differences, political affiliations, and conflicting economic goals all play a role in how countries view each other. The plateau consists of the vast Mesa del Norte (Northern Plateau) and the smaller but heavily populated Mesa Central (Mesa de Anhuac). The conflicts between the two powers in both World Wars I and II have become that of historical record and lore. )18.927 (2017 est. Its hilly central area descends to narrow coastal plains on the south and to the Tabasco Plain on the north. Among its towering volcanic peaks are Citlaltpetl (also called Orizaba), which forms the highest point in the country at 18,406 feet (5,610 metres), and the active volcano Popocatpetl, which rises to 17,930 feet (5,465 metres) to the southeast of Mexico City. ), Mexican pesos (MXN) per US dollar -20.272 (2021 est. In my current game as USSR, Germany has declared war on Mexico, Panama, and Costa Rica and somehow got Peru and Venezula to join the axis haha. Indians are grabbing away the jobs of Australians in their land and this has been a prime reason for them to hate Indians. . )refined petroleum consumption: 1,928,800 bbl/day (2019 est. ), electrification - total population: 100% (2020), installed generating capacity: 93.43 million kW (2020 est. The United States of America (USA) ), household consumption: 67% (2017 est. The enemy of my enemy is my friend strategy. In 2019, 9,808 Mexicans started new programs, while 10,339 started new programs in 2020. ), 463.739 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Top 10 Bollywood Actor Who Married Their co-stars, Tata Play: A Swift Transition from Traditional to Contemporary Entertainment, Pheobes Weird Names: F.R.I.E.N.D.S Compilation, Bollywood Weddings: 15 Brides on their D-Day. Another US enemy country that needs little introduction is North Korea. El Salvador, Peru, Uruguay, and the Dominican Republic. He was succeeded in 2006 by another PAN candidate Felipe CALDERON, but Enrique PEA NIETO regained the presidency for the PRI in 2012. )$18,300 (2020 est. WHY INDIA FAILED TO MANAGE THE SECOND WAVE OF COVID-19? 5 countries which love India and 5 countries which hate India 5 life hacks every college student must know, 10 Indian movies every teenager can relate to, 3 books to cure a nasty case of writer's block. Countries from the most well known group were rated by 1259-1399 respondents. The selection of the 144 countries was non-scientific, but the sample accounts for the majority of non-island countries in each continent (excluding Antarctica) and the vast majority of the world's population. )$199.069 billion (31 December 2020 est. 4 Reasons Why People Prefer Netflix Over Free Torrent Content? Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. That places it right behind North Korea on the enemy list, at least as far as this most recent poll is concerned. note: data are in current year dollars, integrated circuits, refined petroleum, cars and vehicle parts, office machinery/parts, telephones (2019), $207.799 billion (31 December 2021 est. ), -0.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est. Reply. )-0.2% (2019 est. ), total: 21,936,131 (2020 est. To the northwest and paralleling the coast is the Grijalva River valley. Its southern end rises 7,0009,000 feet (2,1002,700 metres) in the vicinity of Mexico City. Looking just at this geographic area, Iran stands out the most with 41% of Americans considering it to be an "enemy". It is the second-largest Latin American democracy (after Brazil, and the first Spanishspeaking one-) in terms of population numbers and size of the economy. President Andrs Manuel Lpez . Sample weights for the 2017 survey are based on gender, age, race, education, 2012 and 2016 Presidential vote choice. Well, due to the political scenarios or other reasons there are some countries which hate India a lot and on the other side there are also those countries which love India a lot. )note: Mexico does not collect census data on ethnicity. FTDES said the true figure was likely higher, but not more than 50,000. Though the terms with USA by India is good these days and both countries are working together still every Indian think that Russia is our only best friend. )-7.99% (2020 est. Due to its continued ties, interactions and affiliations, there remains a level of distrust in the motives and goals of the Pakistan nation. We actually dont need to entertain our enemies. ), -$4.817 billion (2021 est. The central core of the peninsula is a granitic fault block with peaks of more than 9,000 feet (2,700 metres) above sea level in the Sierra San Pedro Mrtir and Sierra de Jurez. President Andrs Manuel Lpez . The largest valleys rarely exceed 100 square miles (260 square km) in area, and many others are quite small. )solar: 4.4% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )other alcohols: 0.15 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. MEXICO CITY -- Mexico's president said Tuesday his country is more democratic than the United States. Then, on March 9, 1916, Villa led a band of . ), total petroleum production: 1,905,500 bbl/day (2021 est. You can also enjoy its many art galleries, restaurants, and scenic . Yet even the bustling capital city, which has been continually built and rebuilt on the rubble of past civilizations, reveals Mexicos wide range of social, economic, and cultural struggles. )female: 6.2% (2020 est. )3.64% (2019 est.). )percent of population: 72% (2020 est. )-$3.406 billion (2019 est. )investment in fixed capital: 22.3% (2017 est. Administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain for three centuries, it achieved independence early in the 19th century. From there the Mesa Central stretches to a point just south of Mexico City. Russias annexation of Crimea, and its support of separatist groups fighting in Ukraine, led to the deaths of more than 13,000 people by early 2020. ), total: 11.86 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 13.11 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 10.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est. Area. Mexico is the fourth-largest producer in the Americas after the United States, Canada, and Brazil. $1.29 trillion. ), scarcity of hazardous waste disposal facilities; rural to urban migration; natural freshwater resources scarce and polluted in north, inaccessible and poor quality in center and extreme southeast; raw sewage and industrial effluents polluting rivers in urban areas; deforestation; widespread erosion; desertification; deteriorating agricultural lands; serious air and water pollution in the national capital and urban centers along US-Mexico border; land subsidence in Valley of Mexico caused by groundwater depletionnote: the government considers the lack of clean water and deforestation national security issues, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements, particulate matter emissions: 20.08 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. Throughout its history, Mexico has been home to great artists. Tesla Inc. will build a new plant in Monterrey, Mexico, the nation's president announced, ending weeks of speculation over where the electric-car maker would choose to operate in the country. Short form: Attacked Countries join the enemy of their enemy. The United States has been racing to support the. The peninsulas limestone (karst) terrain is generally pockmarked and uneven but seldom exceeds 500 feet (150 metres) in elevation. Last enemy of Mexico was The Axis, during WW2 (President Manuel vila Camacho declared war to them because german submarines attacked a sunk mexican oil ships). The relationship between Libya and the US has made marginal gains, but there is still a long way to go. 130,262,220. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . Get Your Love Back. )hydroelectricity: 7.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est. More than half of the Mexican people live in the centre of the country, whereas vast areas of the arid north and the tropical south are sparsely settled. In the north the Chihuahuan Desert covers a section of the plateau that is more extensive than the U.S. state of California. Corrections? The name Latin America was chosen to reflect the cultural characteristics of its European colonizers, France and Britain, whose base languages evolved from Latin. A country United States of America United States Virgin Islands United States Minor Outlying Islands Canada Mexico, United Mexican States, Bahamas, Commonwealth of Cuba, Republic of the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Republic of Jamaica, Afghanistan Albania, People's Socialist Republic of Algeria, Democratic People's Republic of American Samoa . ), production: 9.886 million metric tons (2020 est. (CNSNews.com) - The U.S. State Department on Monday released its congressionally mandated report on worldwide terrorism in 2021, noting that 21 years after 9/11, "the terrorist threats we face are more ideologically diverse and geographically diffuse than ever before.". )services: 64.5% (2017 est. Singapore has and is helping many states in India both economically and infrastructure wise. "@AlanJacoby1776 C the crap Biden wants 2 focus on instead of fixin border, stoppin China & Mexico frm sendin drugs across r border 2 kill Americans, havin r Troops learn abt certain pronouns instead of bein Military ready 2 fight 4 r Country! ), conventional long form: United Mexican Statesconventional short form: Mexicolocal long form: Estados Unidos Mexicanoslocal short form: Mexicoformer: Mexican Republic, Mexican Empireetymology: named after the capital city, whose name stems from the Mexica, the largest and most powerful branch of the Aztecs; the meaning of the name is uncertain, name: Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico)geographic coordinates: 19 26 N, 99 08 Wtime difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in Octobertime zone note: Mexico has four time zonesetymology: named after the Mexica, the largest and most powerful branch of the Aztecs; the meaning of the name is uncertain, 32 states (estados, singular - estado); Aguascalientes, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Cuidad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas, 16 September 1810 (declared independence from Spain); 27 September 1821 (recognized by Spain), history: several previous; latest approved 5 February 1917amendments: proposed by the Congress of the Union; passage requires approval by at least two thirds of the members present and approval by a majority of the state legislatures; amended many times, last in 2020, civil law system with US constitutional law influence; judicial review of legislative acts, accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: not specifiedresidency requirement for naturalization: 5 years, 18 years of age; universal and compulsory, chief of state: President Andrs Manuel LPEZ OBRADOR (since 1 December 2018); note - the president is both chief of state and head of governmenthead of government: President Andrs Manuel LPEZ OBRADOR (since 1 December 2018)cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president; note - appointment of attorney general, the head of the Bank of Mexico, and senior treasury officials require consent of the Senateelections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a single 6-year term; election last held on 1 July 2018 (next to be held in July 2024)election results: 2018: Andrs Manuel LPEZ OBRADOR elected president; percent of vote - Andrs Manuel LPEZ OBRADOR (MORENA) 53.2%, Ricardo ANAYA Corts (PAN) 22.3%, Jos Antonio MEADE Kuribrea (PRI) 16.4%, Jaime RODRGUEZ Caldern 5.2% (independent), other 2.9%2012: Enrique PEA NIETO elected president; percent of vote - Enrique PEA NIETO (PRI) 38.2%, Andrs Manuel LPEZ OBRADOR (PRD) 31.6%, Josefina Eugenia VZQUEZ Mota (PAN) 25.4%, other 4.8%, description: bicameral National Congress or Congreso de la Unin consists of:Senate or Cmara de Senadores (128 seats; 96 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 32 directly elected in a single, nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 6-year terms)Chamber of Deputies or Cmara de Diputados (500 seats; 300 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 200 directly elected in a single, nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 3-year terms)elections: Senate - last held on 1 July 2018 (next to be held in July 2024)Chamber of Deputies - last held on 6 June 2021 (next to be held in July 2024)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - MORENA 58, PAN 22, PRI 14, PRD 9, MC 7, PT 7, PES 5, PVEM 5, PNA/PANAL 1; composition (as of July 2018) - men 65, women 63, percent of women 49.2%Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - MORENA 197, PAN 111, PRI 69, PVEM 44, PT 38, MC 25, PRD 16; composition - men 250, women 250, percent of women 50%; note - overall percent of women in National Congress 49.8%note: as of the 2018 election, senators will be eligible for a second term and deputies up to 4 consecutive terms, highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice or Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nacin (consists of the chief justice and 11 justices and organized into civil, criminal, administrative, and labor panels) and the Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judiciary (organized into the superior court, with 7 judges including the court president, and 5 regional courts, each with 3 judges)judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court justices nominated by the president of the republic and approved by two-thirds vote of the members present in the Senate; justices serve 15-year terms; Electoral Tribunal superior and regional court judges nominated by the Supreme Court and elected by two-thirds vote of members present in the Senate; superior court president elected from among its members to hold office for a 4-year term; other judges of the superior and regional courts serve staggered, 9-year termssubordinate courts: federal level includes circuit, collegiate, and unitary courts; state and district level courtsnote: in April 2021, the Mexican congress passed a judicial reform which changed 7 articles of the constitution and preceded a new Organic Law on the Judicial Branch of the Federation, Citizen's Movement (Movimiento Ciudadano) or MC [Clemente CASTAEDA Hoeflich]Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) or PRI [Claudia RUIZ Massieu]Labor Party (Partido del Trabajo) or PT [Alberto ANAYA Gutirrez]Mexican Green Ecological Party (Partido Verde Ecologista de Mxico) or PVEM [Karen CASTREJN Trujillo]Movement for National Regeneration (Movimiento Regeneracin Nacional) or MORENA [Mario DELGADO Carillo]National Action Party (Partido Accin Nacional) or PAN [Antonio CORTS Mendoza]Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolucin Democrtica) or PRD [Jess ZAMBRANO Grijalva]This Is For Mexico (Va Por Mxico) (alliance that includes PAN, PRI, and PRD)Together We Make History (Juntos Hacemos Historia) (alliance that included MORENA, PT, PVEM) (dissolved 23 December 2020), APEC, Australia Group, BCIE, BIS, CAN (observer), Caricom (observer), CD, CDB, CE (observer), CELAC, CSN (observer), EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-3, G-15, G-20, G-24, G-5, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, NAFTA, NAM (observer), NEA, NSG, OAS, OECD, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance, Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR (observer), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNHRC, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, USMCA, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Esteban MOCTEZUMA Barragn (since 20 April 2021)chancery: 1911 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006telephone: [1] (202) 728-1600FAX: [1] (202) 728-1698email address and website: mexembussa@sre.gob.mxhttps://embamex.sre.gob.mx/eua/index.php/en/consulate(s) general: Atlanta (GA), Austin (TX), Boston (MA), Chicago (IL), Dallas (TX), Denver (GA), El Paso (TX), Houston (TX), Laredo (TX), Miami (FL), New York (NY), Nogales (AZ), Phoenix (AZ), Raleigh (NC), Sacramento (CA), San Antonio (TX), San Diego (CA), San Francisco (CA), San Jose (CA), San Juan (Puerto Rico)consulate(s): Albuquerque (NM), Boise (ID), Brownsville (TX), Calexico (CA), Del Rio (TX), Detroit (MI), Douglas (AZ), Eagle Pass (TX), Fresno (CA), Indianapolis (IN), Kansas City (MO), Las Vegas (NV), Little Rock (AR), Los Angeles (CA), McAllen (TX), Milwaukee (WI), New Orleans (LA), Omaha (NE), Orlando (FL), Oxnard (CA), Philadelphia (PA), Portland (OR), Presidio (TX), Salt Lake City (UT), San Bernardino (CA), Santa Ana (CA), Seattle (WA), St. Paul (MN), Tucson (AZ), Yuma (AZ), chief of mission: Ambassador Ken SALAZAR (since 14 September 2021)embassy: Paseo de la Reforma 305, Colonia Cuauhtmoc, 06500 Mexico, CDMXmailing address: 8700 Mexico City Place, Washington DC 20521-8700telephone: (011) [52]-55-5080-2000FAX: (011) 52-55-5080-2005email address and website: ACSMexicoCity@state.govhttps://mx.usembassy.gov/consulate(s) general: Ciudad Jurez, Guadalajara, Hermosillo, Matamoros, Mrida, Monterrey, Nogales, Nuevo Laredo, Tijuana, three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and red; Mexico's coat of arms (an eagle with a snake in its beak perched on a cactus) is centered in the white band; green signifies hope, joy, and love; white represents peace and honesty; red stands for hardiness, bravery, strength, and valor; the coat of arms is derived from a legend that the wandering Aztec people were to settle at a location where they would see an eagle on a cactus eating a snake; the city they founded, Tenochtitlan, is now Mexico Citynote: similar to the flag of Italy, which is shorter, uses lighter shades of green and red, and does not display anything in its white band, golden eagle; national colors: green, white, red, name: "Himno Nacional Mexicano" (National Anthem of Mexico)lyrics/music: Francisco Gonzalez BOCANEGRA/Jaime Nuno ROCAnote: adopted 1943, in use since 1854; also known as "Mexicanos, al grito de Guerra" (Mexicans, to the War Cry); according to tradition, Francisco Gonzalez BOCANEGRA, an accomplished poet, was uninterested in submitting lyrics to a national anthem contest; his fiancee locked him in a room and refused to release him until the lyrics were completed, total World Heritage Sites: 35 (27 cultural, 6 natural, 2 mixed)selected World Heritage Site locales: Historic Mexico City (c); Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl (c); Teotihuacan (c); Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino (n); Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (n); Tehuacn-Cuicatln Valley (m); Historic Puebla (c); El Tajin (c); Historic Tlacotalpan (c); Historic Oaxaca and Monte Albn (c); Palenque (c); Chichen-Itza (c); Uxmal (c), one of the worlds largest economies; USMCA buttresses its manufacturing sector; has underperformed growth targets for three decades; COVID-19 disrupted export-based economy; corruption and cartel-based violence undermine economic stability, $2.418 trillion (2021 est. 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